- Other Post Graduate Training - Washington University School of Medicine
- Internship/Residency - Washington University/Barnes Jewish Hospital (1983-1987), Psychiatry
- Graduate School - Washington University School of Medicine, Epidemiology
- Research Fellowship - Washington University/Barnes Jewish Hospital (1987-1990), Epidemiology
- Medical School - Washington University School of Medicine

Carol North, M.D.
- Nancy and Ray L. Hunt Chair in Crisis Psychiatry
- Psychiatry
- Substance Abuse Treatment
Biography
Dr. Carol North holds The Nancy and Ray L. Hunt Chair in Crisis Psychiatry and is Professor in the Departments of Psychiatry and Emergency Medicine at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas. She is also Director of the Division of Trauma and Disaster in the Department of Psychiatry. Dr. North completed medical school and residency training in psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, followed by an NIMH fellowship and a Masters degree, both in psychiatric epidemiology, at the same institution. She served 18 years on the faculty of Washington University before moving to Dallas in 2005 to join the faculty at UT Southwestern. She also served for nearly ten years at the Dallas VA Medical Center.
For more than a quarter of a century, Dr. North has continuously conducted federally funded research into disaster mental health, psychiatric aspects of medical illness, and psychiatric problems of homeless populations, and has developed specialized education programs for professionals, patients, and families, while providing direct patient care and directing clinical services for homeless and seriously psychiatrically ill patients. Dr. North has been an international leader in shaping the science of disaster mental health epidemiology. She and her research team studied 3,500 survivors of major disasters that include the bombings in Oklahoma City and the US Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya, the Capitol Hill anthrax attacks, the September 11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, and Hurricane Katrina. Dr. North has provided expertise and leadership in major disaster response operations, and a disaster mental health training program she developed (P-FLASH: Practical Front Line Assistance and Support for Healing), originally commissioned by the September 11 Fund, has trained thousands of mental health and other medical and emergency professionals on disaster preparedness and response.
Dr. North has authored more than 200 peer-reviewed scientific published articles, served on scientific editorial boards, and chaired and served on committees for federal grant review and for development of terrorism policy for the Institute of Medicine. She testified to the US Senate, advised the State Department, the Carter Center, and the White House on disaster mental health; informed the FDA about post-traumatic stress; provided consultation to New York City’s Department of Health on post-9/11 mental health response; and served on a CDC Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee for the World Trade Center Health Program and on the CDC Board of Scientific Counselors, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response.
Education & Training
Professional Associations & Affiliations
- Texas Society of Psychiatric Physicians
- Texas Medical Association
- North Texas Society of Psychiatric Physicians (Executive Council, 2008-; Secretary, 2009-11; Vice President, President-Elect, 2011-13; President, 2013-15)
- Dallas Area Women Psychiatrists
- American Psychopathological Association (Fellow 1997-; Councilor 2002-06 and 2012-16; Vice President 2012-13; President Elect 2013-14; President 2014-15)
- American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists (Board of Directors 1998-; President 2006-08; Vice President 2014-16)
- American Medical Association
Honors & Awards
- Texas Society of Psychiatric Physicians Special Service Award 2010
- Hamilton Award 2015-2015, For service as President of the American Psychopathological Association
- Humanitarian Award, International Center for Psychosocial Trauma, University of Missouri-Columbia 2001
- Sandoz Award in Psychiatry 1983, for academic achievement and clinical contribution to patient care
- Richard S. Brookings Medical School Award, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis 1983, for outstanding research accomplishments
- Teacher of the Year Award 1995, by Washington University Residents in Psychiatry
- American Psychiatric Association Francis J. Braceland Public Service Award 1996, formerly Founder's Award
- American Psychiatric Association Bruno Lima Award 1996, for Excellence in Disaster Psychiatry
- Exemplary Psychiatrist Award, National Alliance for the Mentally Ill 1998
Books & Publications
-
Books
-
Multiple Personalities, Multiple Disorders: Psychiatric Classification and Media Influence
North CS, Ryall JM, Ricci DA, Wetzel RD (1993), New York, Oxford University Press -
Goodwin and Guze's Psychiatric Diagnosis
North CS, Yutzy SH (2009), New York, Oxford University Press
-
Multiple Personalities, Multiple Disorders: Psychiatric Classification and Media Influence
-
Publications
-
Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Pfefferbaum B, North CS, The New England journal of medicine 2020 Aug 383 6 510-512 -
Outcomes and Correlates of Major Depression in 11 Disaster Studies Using Consistent Methods.
North CS, Baron D, Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 2021 Jan 11 1 -
Prevalence and predictors of postdisaster major depression: Convergence of evidence from 11 disaster studies using consistent methods.
North CS, Baron D, Chen AF Journal of psychiatric research 2017 Dec 102 96-101 -
A Nosological Exploration of PTSD and Trauma in Disaster Mental Health and Implications for the COVID-19 Pandemic.
North CS, Surís AM, Pollio DE, Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 2021 Jan 11 1 -
Dissociation and disasters: A systematic review.
Canan F, North CS, World journal of psychiatry 2019 Oct 9 6 83-98 -
Psychiatric symptoms endorsed by somatization disorder patients in a psychiatric clinic.
Lenze EJ, Miller AR, Munir ZB, Pornnoppadol C, North CS Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 1999 Jun 11 2 73-9 -
A prospective study of the onset of PTSD symptoms in the first month after trauma exposure.
Whitman JB, North CS, Downs DL, Spitznagel EL Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2013 May 25 2 E8-E17 -
The Association between General and Pathological Dissociation and Disaster-Related Psychopathology in Directly Exposed Survivors.
Canan F, North CS, Psychiatry 2020 83 3 292-305 -
Media Contact and Posttraumatic Stress in Employees of New York City Area Businesses after the September 11 Attacks.
Pfefferbaum B, Palka J, North CS, Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2020 Sep 1-7 -
The Symptom Structure of Postdisaster Major Depression: Convergence of Evidence from 11 Disaster Studies Using Consistent Methods.
North CS, Baron D, Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 2021 Jan 11 1 -
The association between parent-reported child disaster reactions and posttraumatic stress disorder in parent survivors of disasters and terrorism.
Pfefferbaum B, North CS, Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2020 Nov 32 4 256-265 -
The Classification of Hysteria and Related Disorders: Historical and Phenomenological Considerations.
North CS Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 2015 5 4 496-517 -
Development and testing of procedures for violence screening and suicide risk stratification on a psychiatric emergency service.
Roaten K, Khan F, Brown K, North CS The American journal of emergency medicine 2015 Dec -
Disaster Mental Health Epidemiology: Methodological Review and Interpretation of Research Findings.
North CS Psychiatry 2016 79 2 130-146 -
Medical Licensure Questions About Mental Illness and Compliance with the Americans With Disabilities Act.
Jones JTR, North CS, Vogel-Scibilia S, Myers MF, Owen RR, The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 2018 Dec 46 4 458-471 -
Development and Implementation of a Universal Suicide Risk Screening Program in a Safety-Net Hospital System.
Roaten K, Johnson C, Genzel R, Khan F, North CS Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety 2018 Jan 44 1 4-11 -
P-FLASH: Development of an empirically-based post-9/11 disaster mental health training program.
North CS, Hong BA, Pfefferbaum B Missouri medicine 2008 Jan-Feb 105 1 62-6 -
Exposure to bioterrorism and mental health response among staff on Capitol Hill.
North CS, Pfefferbaum B, Vythilingam M, Martin GJ, Schorr JK, Boudreaux AS, Spitznagel EL, Hong BA Biosecurity and bioterrorism : biodefense strategy, practice, and science 2009 Dec 7 4 379-88 -
An empirical study of alcohol consumption by patients considering HCV treatment.
North CS, Sims O, Hong BA, Jain MK, Brown G, Lisker-Melman M, Pollio DE The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse 2014 Aug 1-6 -
Relationship of functional gastrointestinal disorders and psychiatric disorders: implications for treatment.
North CS, Hong BA, Alpers DH World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2007 Apr 13 14 2020-7 -
An effectiveness study of group psychoeducation for hepatitis C patients in community clinics.
North CS, Pollio DE, Sims OT, Jain MK, Brown GR, Downs DL, Lisker-Melman M, Hong BA European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology 2017 Feb -
Development and Implementation of Psychiatric Services in a Student-Operated Clinic.
Stuard WL, Squiers K, Suss A, Schrader E, Triantafyllou D, Brenner A, North CS Community mental health journal 2018 Aug -
Interrater reliability and coding guide for nonpsychotic formal thought disorder.
North CS, Kienstra DM, Osborne VA, Dokucu ME, Vassilenko M, Hong B, Wetzel RD, Spitznagel EL Perceptual and motor skills 2006 Oct 103 2 395-411 -
Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder among employees of New York City companies affected by the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center
North CS, Pollio DE, Smith, RP, King RV, Pandya A, Surís AM, Hong BA, Dean DJ, Wallace NE, Herman DB, Conover S, Susser E, Pfefferbaum B Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 2011 5 S205-S213 -
Hepatitis C treatment and SVR: the gap between clinical trials and real-world treatment aspirations.
North CS, Hong BA, Adewuyi SA, Pollio DE, Jain MK, Devereaux R, Quartey NA, Ashitey S, Lee WM, Lisker-Melman M General hospital psychiatry 2012 Dec -
Examining a comprehensive model of disaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder in systematically studied survivors of 10 disasters.
North CS, Oliver J, Pandya A American journal of public health 2012 Oct 102 10 e40-8 -
Deriving costs of service use among an urban homeless population.
Fuehrlein BS, Cowell AJ, Pollio DE, Cupps LY, Balfour ME, North CS Journal of substance abuse treatment 2014 Apr 46 4 491-7 -
The family as caregiver: a group psychoeducation model for schizophrenia.
North CS, Pollio DE, Sachar B, Hong B, Isenberg K, Bufe G The American journal of orthopsychiatry 1998 Jan 68 1 39-46 -
Psychosocial adjustment of directly exposed survivors 7 years after the Oklahoma City bombing.
North CS, Pfefferbaum B, Kawasaki A, Lee S, Spitznagel EL Comprehensive psychiatry 2011 Jan-Feb 52 1 1-8 -
The relationship between maternal psychopathology and parental perceptions of their children's reactions in survivors of the 1998 US Embassy bombing in Nairobi, Kenya.
Pfefferbaum B, North CS, Narayanan P, Dumont CE, Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2019 Nov 31 4 260-270 -
The postdisaster prevalence of major depression relative to PTSD in survivors of the 9/11 attacks on the world trade center selected from affected workplaces.
North CS, Pollio DE, Hong BA, Pandya A, Smith RP, Pfefferbaum B Comprehensive psychiatry 2015 Feb -
Delivery of Mental Health Care in a Large Disaster Shelter.
North CS, King RV, Fowler RL, Kucmierz R, Wade JD, Hogan D, Carlo JT Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2015 May 1-7 -
Expanded conceptualization of multimorbidity to encompass substance use disorders and other psychiatric illness.
North CS, Brown ES, Pollio DE Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2016 Aug 28 3 182-8 -
The evolution of PTSD criteria across editions of DSM.
North CS, Suri´s AM, Smith RP, King RV Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2016 Aug 28 3 197-208 -
Psychiatric disorders after terrorist bombings among rescue workers and bombing survivors in Nairobi and rescue workers in Oklahoma City.
Zhang G, Pfefferbaum B, Narayanan P, Lee S, Thielman S, North CS Annals of clinical psychiatry : official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2016 Feb 28 1 22-30 -
Anthrax Exposure, Belief in Exposure, and Postanthrax Symptoms Among Survivors of a Bioterrorist Attack on Capitol Hill.
Chiao S, Kipen H, Hallman WK, Pollio DE, North CS, Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2018 Nov 1-6 -
Association of PTSD symptom groups with functional impairment and distress in trauma-exposed disaster survivors.
North CS, Van Enkevort E, Hong BA, Surís AM, Psychological medicine 2019 Jul 1-7 -
Design, Implementation, and Assessment of a Public Comprehensive Specialty Care Program for Early Psychosis.
North CS, Simic Z, Burruss J, Journal of psychiatric practice 2019 Mar 25 2 91-102 -
Toward validation of the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder.
North CS, Suris AM, Davis M, Smith RP The American journal of psychiatry 2009 Jan 166 1 34-41 -
Postdisaster course of alcohol use disorders in systematically studied survivors of 10 disasters.
North CS, Ringwalt CL, Downs D, Derzon J, Galvin D Archives of general psychiatry 2011 Feb 68 2 173-80 -
Analysis of the longitudinal course of PTSD in 716 survivors of 10 disasters.
North CS, Oliver J Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 2012 Dec -
Mental health response to community disasters: a systematic review.
North CS, Pfefferbaum B JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2013 Aug 310 5 507-18 -
Alcohol use disorders and drinking among survivors of the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City.
North CS, Adinoff B, Pollio DE, Kinge S, Downs DL, Pfefferbaum B Comprehensive psychiatry 2013 May -
Pilot Design and Implementation of an Innovative Mental Health and Wellness Clinic at a Historically Black College/University.
Moore JR, Pollio DE, Hong BA, Valencia C, Sorrell M, North CS Community mental health journal 2017 Sep -
The relation of ulcerative colitis and psychiatric factors: a review of findings and methods.
North CS, Clouse RE, Spitznagel EL, Alpers DH. American Journal of Psychiatry 1990 1990 147(8) 974-981 -
Are rates of psychiatric disorders changing over time in the homeless population?
North CS, Eyrich KM, Pollio DE, Spitznagel EL. American Journal of Public Health, 2004 2004 94(1) 103-108 -
The presentation of irritable bowel syndrome in the context of somatization disorder.
North CS, Downs D, Clouse RE, Alrakawi A, Dokucu ME, Cox J, Spitznagel EL, Alpers DH Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2004 Sep 2 9 787-95 -
Rethinking disaster mental health response in a post-9/11 world.
North CS Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie 2013 Mar 58 3 125-7 -
Religious and Spiritual Aspects of Disaster Experience Among Survivors of the 9/11 Attacks on New York City's World Trade Center.
Hong BA, Pollio DE, Pollio EW, Sims OT, Pedrazine A, North CS, Journal of religion and health 2019 Mar -
A prospective study of substance use and housing stability in a homeless population.
North CS, Eyrich-Garg KM, Pollio DE, Thirthalli J Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 2010 Nov 45 11 1055-62 -
Postdisaster psychiatric disorders after the US embassy bombing in Nairobi: comparison with the Federal Building bombing in Oklahoma City.
North CS, Pfefferbaum B, Narayanan P, Thielman S, McCoy G, Dumont C, Kawasaki A, Ryosho N, Kim YS, Spitznagel EL. British Journal of Psychiatry, 2005 2005 186 487-493 -
Psychiatric disorders among survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing.
North CS, Nixon SJ, Shariat S, Mallonee S, McMillen JC, Spitznagel EL, Smith EM. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1999 1999 282(8) 755-762
-
Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Research
- Psychoeducation
- Psychiatric epidemiology, substance abuse, and service use among the homeless population
- Psychiatric effects of disasters, terrorism, and other trauma
- Psychiatric aspects of medical illnesses
- Somatoform and dissociative disorders
Clinical Focus
- Substance Abuse Treatment