LDL Apheresis: What to Expect
During the therapy, small amounts of blood are gradually removed through an inserted needle, central line catheter, or arteriovenous (AV) fistula and circulated through a machine.
The machine first separates the whole blood and plasma, and then the Liposorber filter removes the LDLs, VLDLs, Lp(a), and TGs from the plasma. The blood and plasma are then returned to the patient by the IV access.
One procedure lowers LDL cholesterol by 65% to 70%. Repeated procedures, generally every one to two weeks, are needed to maintain low cholesterol levels for patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
LDL apheresis is a safe procedure with a few possible side effects.
Before LDL Apheresis
Two days prior to the procedure, we recommend patients drink plenty of noncarbonated and nonalcoholic beverages. We also recommend eating before the scheduled procedure.
If a patient is taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, he or she should notify our staff.
During LDL Apheresis
If intravenous catheters (IVs) are placed, patients’ arms will be propped on pillows, and they will be asked to squeeze their fist to help promote blood flow. Patients may experience bruising or discomfort where the IVs are placed. If a larger catheter or port is used instead, patients will have free use of their arms during the procedure.
The procedure typically lasts four to six hours but can be shorter or longer depending on a variety of factors.
After starting the procedure, patients may experience some mild numbness, tingling, light-headedness, or nausea. An apheresis staff member who specializes in the procedure will be with the patient during the entire treatment. Patients should tell their nurse of any side effects or symptoms they feel.
