Ongoing Research in Colorectal Cancer
UT Southwestern has many researchers who are investigating colorectal cancer. Just some of the areas they are focused on include:
Inflammation and cancer
Inflammation may contribute to the development and spread of colorectal cancer. Our researchers are studying how ulcerative colitis (inflammation in the colon) can lead to colorectal cancer. Patients with long-term ulcerative colitis can have a three- to fivefold increased risk of cancer. Our investigators have discovered that a hormone of the immune system, called CXCL8, promotes both the initiation and spread of colorectal cancer, including cancer stem cells. These studies are funded by the National Cancer Institute.
Obesity and cancer
Obesity is widely believed to promote the development of colorectal cancer. However, the process behind this is not clear. Our researchers are using human fat cells, tiny organ-like collections of epithelial cells (cells that line the colon), and special technology that identifies genes to study the relationship between obesity and colorectal cancer.
Tissue-engineering models of cancer
Our researchers are collaborating with colleagues across the country to create bioengineered models that mimic colorectal cancer. Examples of these models include organotypic cultures (live cells that are arranged like tissues and function as the tissues do) and “organs on a chip” (a plastic case containing live cells that recreates a biological process). These studies are sponsored by the National Cancer Institute.
Regeneration and cancer
Our investigators have used stem cells to reproduce the tissues of ulcerative colitis, which is a condition in which colon cells are inflamed and can lead to colorectal cancer. This model has the characteristics of ulcerative colitis tissue and may help researchers understand how the tissue’s cells regenerate and become cancerous.
